Thursday, December 10, 2020

Ode to Santa and the Economy

 


 

 

There goes Santa, running for his sleigh;
He’s gotta run fast, to get away.

You see, the economy has struck the North Pole as well;
The elves are on strike, and his wife is givin' em' hell.

These days when Santa appears at the local department store;
It’s not just for fun or photos, but for gifts he needs to score.

He'll check the store layout and make a quick dash;
Why even Santa max'd out his credit card and is low on cash.

So off he goes, into the night;
To find those gifts, and get out of sight.

Now, he’s not going to make a whole lot of stops;
‘Cause look out Santa… here comes the cops.

Santa leaps to his sleigh and flys far into the night;
Carrying all those gifts, on his yearly flight.

Way into the morning, the police search high and low;
Only to find a few tracks left in the snow.

You'll hear all the alarms blaring, late into the night;
But old Saint Nick will be long gone, and clean out of sight.
 
Santa has to be quick, to have it done by Christmas Eve;
So many gifts, and so many places to be…

The presents will be wrapped, and the tags will be off;
Cause old Santa is very careful, not to get caught.

So check your presents,  early on Christmas day;
(Keep it hush-hush if they're from Santa, OK...?)

Now, I don’t know if Old Saint Nick, stopped at your house or not;
But If he did … … … …  …
.....THOSE GIFTS ARE . . .  HOT ! !

 

 Created by Scott "Gonzo" Weaver ... thank you Scott for the submission!
 

Tuesday, December 01, 2020

Inventions & Profiles in automotive Industry- Discovery of "SYNTHETIC" oils

SYNTHETIC HISTORY:


Long before man discovered petroleum oil, rendered animal fat, whale oil and vegetable oil were used as lubricants. These oils can be considered the first synthetic oils because they were man-made from ingredients in his environment. It wasn't until the 1860's that petroleum oil became a popular lubricant.

In the 1930's, Standard Oil of Indiana perfected the process of synthesizing high-quality lubricating oil from biological compounds such as animal fat and plant seed oil. Even though this new oil was a terrific lubricant, its value was offset by its high cost. Subsequently, the formulas were shelved and began to gather dust in the archives of the U.S. patent office.

During World War II, the U.S. successfully cut off Germany from the rich oil reserves of the Arabian countries. The plan was to starve Hitler of petroleum, a most necessary ingredient for any war machine to function. Without gas and oil, Hitler's army would come to a screeching halt. Gasoline wasn't necessary, because the military tanks and hardware could be retuned to run on alcohol made from corn and other forms of biomass. But there was still a need for lubricating oils.

Using information gained from the archives of the U.S. patent office, Hitler put his best scientific minds to work to produce oils from alcohol and natural gas. Soon, the wheels of his army's machinery as well as his aircraft engines were lubricated by high-quality manmade oils. Rommel was running circles around the U.S. Army because his tanks had superior lubricants and could easily withstand the rigors of the desert heat.

When our troops overtook Hitler's army, they often found Nazi military jeeps and VWs left behind with a rock wedged against the accelerator pedal. The Germans didn't have time to destroy the vehicles and thought that the engines would blow up if left running at full throttle. But because of the incredible synthetic lubricants that were used, the engines merely ran until the fuel tank was empty and died. Our troops refueled them and continued chasing Rommel with some of his own machinery!

During this time, Both Hitler and the U.S. were developing jet propulsion. We were having a difficult time keeping jet turbines from destroying themselves because of the extreme operating conditions they had to endure. The inside of the turbine reached somewhere around 600'F while the outside had to withstand -40~ There wasn't a lubricant made that could take that kind of punishment. But Hitler's highly developed synthetic oils were able to operate under those conditions and his air force had the first jets.
After the war, the U.S. military was anxious to get its hands on the German military secret oil formulations. After we captured the German scientific archives in Berlin, their top secret formulations were turned over to the big five oil companies for further research.

A brilliant chemical engineer named Pete Peterson became America's top synlube expert, working to implement the German formulations. During this time more than two dozen small companies began producing synthetic lubricants for the military, and Peterson consulted with them to bring on the new age of synlubes.

In the late sixties, a fighter pilot named Alvin Fagan retired and started the first synthetic oil company to sell to the general public: All-Proof, of Duluth, Minn. Fagan reasoned that vehicles operating in the harsh northern winters could benefit from synlubes because of their ability to withstand extreme cold temperatures.

Fagan was not a marketing genius and his products were very slow to catch on. He employed another retired pilot, Albert Amatuzio, who had a vision of starting his own synthetic oil company. Amatuzio borrowed money from his brother, Dick, and took the formulations he learned about from Fagan and opened Amzoil across the river from All-Proof in Superior, Wis.
Amatuzio employed multi-level marketing (MLM) strategies for his synlubes similar to those used by Amway. MLM was hot and the company flourished. Meanwhile, Amatuzio's brother, Dick, still owned 40% of the company and, for unknown reasons couldn't get any money for his shares. He ultimately sued and left, leaving a scar between the two that endures today. Soon after this incident, Pennzoil sued Amzoil for copyright infringement, claiming that Anizoil's name was too similar to Pennzoil. They won the suit and Amatuzio had to change the name to Amsoil.

During the same time, John Williams, owner of Pacer Petroleum products, bought a new car for his daughter who was about to go off to college. He wanted to put an oil in the engine that would be able to last for the whole year she was away. So he filled it with new synthetic oils. She told a few friends about the wonderful oil her dad had put in the engine. Soon, the school auto shop heard the story and wanted to talk to her about this new, long-lasting lubricant.

It didn't take long for the local media to get wind of the story. Before he knew it, Williams was flooded with calls from people wanting to know more about this new oil. A man named Sol Levy saw the unique opportunity to join forces with Williams and market this new oil. In 1970 Pacer Petroleum got an SAE grade for the oil and started a division called EON Oil.
All-Proof had been using a formula containing 100% alcohol diester, one of hundreds of esters that were being sold without any wear-protecting additives. Certain diesters will dissolve the zinc coating on engine surfaces and accelerate wear. Unfortunately, Pacer was buying its synthetic oils from AllProof, with disastrous consequences. Pacer had convinced the city of Houston to run a test on their EON brand using the city fleet of vehicles. Soon after, the engines began having camshaft failures and the city sued EON for engine damage.

A number of Pacer dealers began telling people that EON oil was "better than the big oil brand and without the double cross." They were referring to Exxon motor oil which sued them in 1975 for trademark infringement. Exxon pointed out that EON sounded too similiar to EXxon. The case never went to court, but Williams received a settlement from Exxon to facilitate the name change of the company. The settlement (somewhere between 1/2 to 1 million dollars) was supposed to pay for the EON dealers' additional advertising for the name change. Williams pocketed the money, and the dealers received nothing.
Paul Baker, a large EON dealer in California, came up with a new name, mixing the letters to form NEO, and then petitioned Pacer to use the new name. Williams said Pacer Petroleum would use MLM and their synthetic oil under the Ultron name. Norman Lotz was recruited to head up the MLM effort and began undercutting former EON dealers by selling directly to their old accounts. The general idea was to cut EON dealers out of the picture.
Angry about the situation, Baker trademarked the NEO name, and started the NEO company in California in 1976. His basic premise was to use only the finest synthetic oil ingredients available. Unfortunately, he was still dependent on Pacer for his stock and in 1981, Williams threatened to cut off his supply. Meanwhile, Williams sold the EON division to Morton Thiacol, the rocket fuel company, forcing Baker to begin sourcing his own synthetic base stocks and bottling his own oil.

NEO introduced the first 100:1 2-cycle oil, the first synthetic gear lube as well as synthetic ATF. To this day, NEO utilizes the finest base stocks available for their oil. As Baker puts it, "I do not cut corners on our oil, and only use the finest stock, regardless of price."

Meanwhile, during the early seventies, a company called Blaze Oil began rebottling Amsoil and selling it under the Blaze Oil name in the south. Al Ainatuzio wasn't interested in that part of the country and was happy to make a profit selling in an area where his company had very little penetration. It didn't seem like synthetic oil - a product especially suitable for cold climates - would be popular in the hot south. But soon, Blaze was selling as much oil in the southern states as Amsoil was in the north.
Amatuzio later threatened to cut off the supply to Blaze and was ultimately sued for breaking his supply contract.

It was about this time that Amatuzio was taken to task by the federal government for selling synthetic industrial oils with little or no synthetic base stocks. The Feds told him to either stop calling it synthetic oil or put synthetic oil in it. In the mid-eighties, Amsoil stopped using high-quality diester base stocks, substituting cheap olefins instead. Even today, it is rumored that many of Amsoil's synthetic products are actually petroleum products with some synthetic added.

The rapidly rising wholesale costs of diester base stocks had synthetic lubricant prices jumping every six months. While all the other synlube companies had to raise their prices, Amsoil was lowering theirs. Amsoil sells their diesel oil to commercial accounts for less than $2 per quart! This was possible by switching to less effective polyol alpha olefin base stocks. Amsoil dealers began seeing engines sludge up like never before and many stopped using synlubes or changed to other brands of synlubes.
During the seventies, Peter Felice and Tim Kerrigan were working with Pacer Petroleum marketing EON. They were unhappy with Pacer and experienced many problems with mis-labeling, and incomplete additive packages and quality control. They switched to All-Proof. During the demise of Pacer, Kerrigan and Felice started Red Line in California. All-Proof decided to sue them for stealing the idea and started a competing company. Red Line counter-sued and won a $700,000 judgment against AllProof, which forced them to fold.
Not all synthetic oils are created equal. In fact, there is a tremendous difference between Amsoil, NEO, Mobil-1, Syntec, Red Line and the other brands. The chief difference is the base stock, which comprises some 90% of the oil. The base stock is the actual lubricant, the other 10% or so is the additive package.

Petroleum oils, or petrolubes, use a complex mixture of hydrocarbon molecules derived from refining crude oil base stocks into more uniform materials. Refineries remove most of the natural contaminants. The worst for the engine, wax, is never entirely removed and is a problem because it is a poor lubricant and reacts to heat by forming damaging byproducts.
By definition, synthetic oil means that it is not made from petroleum. Petroleum oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons. The refining process, (an extraction procedure, rather than a synthesis procedure), extracts the bad and leaves the good molecules. With a synthesis procedure, chemically smaller molecules of low molecular weight are combined to build a bigger molecule. The resulting high weight molecule is an excellent lubricant.
The relative ability of an oil to lubricate is determined by the components of the base stock. There are two principal classes of base stocks used in synthetic oils: synthesized hydrocarbons and organic esters.

The base stock materials used today for most popular synlubes are made of carbon and hydrogen molecules synthesized from ethylene gas molecules into polyalphaolefin (PAO). In fact, Mobil Oil took out a patent on the name Synthetic Hydrocarbon (SHC) in 1975. This material mimics petroleum molecules, using the good features and eliminating the bad ones. SHC's provide better viscosity characteristics than petrolubes, especially low temperature operating properties. SHC's are also more resistant to
o*dation. However, there is no significant improvement in the
degree of thermal stability because they are still hydrocarbon molecules which are very similar to petroleum hydrocarbon molecules.

Some of the popular brands of PAO oils include Amsoil, Mobil-1 and Castrol Syntec. PAO's are the cheapest synthetic oil base stocks. You can purchase them for as little as $3 a quart. PAO's aren't as durable as the other class of synthetic oils, the esters.

Organic esters are made by reacting certain acids with alcohols forming acid esters, diesters and polyol esters. This process uses expensive materials and results in an oil that costs about $8 per quart. NEO claims to use alcohol diester base stocks. Amsoil started out using diesters, but changed in the mid 80's to a blend of several synthetic base stocks with PAO being the main ingredient. Red Line uses polyol ester base stocks which are modified to improve thermal stability and performance.

All synlubes use widely differing additive chemistry. Some use highquality additives, some use cheap ones. None of the synthetic oils have problems with wax contamination because they are man made and don't come from crude oil. The esters have a big advantage because they are natural engine detergents. Right from the start, they have better sludge dispersing capability. PAO oils require detergent-dispersant additives and viscosity improvers.
It is important to know that synthetic oil companies are not completely divorced from using crude oil petrochemicals. Oil wells are still necessary to produce thete petrochemicals, which are used in the synthesis process. A considerable amount of energy is needed to build the synthetic materials. The amount of petrochemical needed varies with the type of base stock utilized. While PAO's are derived from 100% petrochemicals, esters are largely biological in origin and require less petrochemicals.

To lower costs, some synthetic oils contain petroleum oils in their base stocks. These oils are actually parasynthetic or semi-synthetic oils. In Europe, some oil companies are simply adding hydrogen to petroleum oil and calling it synthetic oil. It is truly a gray area, requiring clarification, SAE standardization and truth-in-labeling.


Thursday, November 05, 2020

First Blog post(Sunday, August 06, 2006)

 

Starting today I will be posting automotive information for the members of carfix_online. You can comment or add to this blog, but you must contact me so I can add you to the allowed blogsters!


Ken

Sunday, November 01, 2020

Profiles and inventions- Pat Goss

His slogan often heard when signing off the air"drive gently". Goss 62, was born and raised in a small town outside Buffalo. His father, a bus mechanic, died when Goss was young. His mother's job in an electronics factory couldn't keep the family solvent, so Goss opened a body and paint shop while a high school freshman.

"I've read a few books and concluded that the stuff was incredibly simple," he says. By the time Pat finished high school, his shop employed 23 people and grossed $900,000 a year. "We specialized in lowering car frames, so the body of the car sat lower, and painting flames on the side -- stuff like that."

While taking scattered college courses, he taught for an automotive test equipment company. "I was teaching the cream De la Creme of the technicians," he says." One day it dawned on me that I am teaching these guys who are making four and five times as much as I am." So he went back into the business. Tired of small-town life, he came to Washington in 1966: "I knew people in Washington, so I stopped here and I never left -- no grand plan."

Besides running his Silver Spring garage located in Seabrook Maryland in the suburbs of Washington DC, Goss discusses cars Saturday's on WJFK -- FM radio. His television show, "Goss Garage" is carried on news channel 8 in Arlington, VA. ,Saturday mornings at 9:30 am. MotorWeek is broadcast internationally.He also writes for publications including the Wall Street Journal and Reader's Digest.

Goss teaches car care clinics and he has consulted for the White House office of Consumer Affairs, The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, the Federal Trade Commission, and others. He and his wife, Bonnie, live in West River, Maryland, south of Annapolis. She helps produces TV and radio shows and works in the garage. Goss's daughter, Marcy, works in the front office; a husband and shop foreman.

He was once asked how come cars constantly go in for repairs?
I don't take my refrigerator in the shop! "Your refrigerator doesn't fly up and down highways at high speed. It doesn't weigh thousands of pounds it's a simple machine. Today's automobiles at around 10 times the computing power of the original lunar landing module. They're among the most sophisticated equipment on the planet. And that performance is stunning. Brakes aren't locking up like they used to. Cars are considerably more durable and reliable"

"Getting good maintenance, a car should run relatively trouble-free or at least 150,000 miles. Given exemplary preventative maintenance, maybe 200,000 to 255,000 miles before needing really major repairs".

"In all my years in business -- hiring and firing people, and so on -- I truly can't remember an employee it didn't have a lot of good in him or her. Maybe not a lot of good for the particular position they were in, but overall they were good people. I've learned that what I thought was all-important when I was much younger wasn't. I used to be very concerned with money. I tried to do a good job, sure, but I was concerned with making the most dollars."

"Then I backed off that. I concentrated on doing a better job. Before long the money took care of itself. I made more concentrating on doing the best job possible than I had concentrating on the money. I've long had expensive stuff around the house. Those nice things were important to me. Then a few years back, I had a health crisis -- malignant melanoma -- which required surgery and treatment. After these treatments, I woke up one morning with a realization: Not once during all this drama had I thought, or given a damn, about any of the stuff Never once."
I said, "now, wait a minute -- there's a lesson here." These things have absolutely no meaning when it gets down to brass tacks. There is no meaning to them at all!

Thursday, October 01, 2020

Inventions and Profiles in the automotive industry- Earl Scheib

His slogan,,

I'll paint any car, any color for $29.95!
Born in San Francisco on February 28, 1908, Earl moved to Southern California with his family when he was 10. A graduate of Los Angeles High School, Earl never went to college. Instead, he got a job as a gas station attendant changing oil and tires for General Petroleum Co. in the late 1920s.

Not long after, he went into business with his own gas station on the corner of Whitworth and Fairfax. His neighbors soon began asking if he knew anyone who could paint their cars. So, each night, after closing time, Earl would paint cars in the station's lube garage. It didn't take long for word of Earl's painting service to spread, and soon there was more paint business than the station could handle.

As a result, he sold his station, rented a "shack" on the corner of Pico and La Brea (Los Angeles), and in 1937 opened the first Earl Scheib Paint and Body. His philosophy was "work hard, be on time, and don't worry about how much you make." It was a belief that underscored the way he ran his business. He still has many locations around the country today.

AUTOMOTIVE EXPERT & CAR-TALK HOST BOBBY LIKIS RETIRES FROM RADIO BROADCASTING

 

The grand finale of award-winning “Bobby Likis Car Clinic” airs on October 10, 2020 from 10a-12n ET

What a thrill ride this has been, and I’m looking forward to more here-we-go-again adventures in engaging and interacting with people who love cars, trucks and automotive technology.”
— Bobby Likis

PENSACOLA, FL, UNITED STATES, September 14, 2020 /EINPresswire.com/ -- Bobby Likis - host of nationally syndicated, award-winning, car-talk radio program, “Bobby Likis Car Clinic” - announces retirement from his radio network after 29 successful years. The grand finale will air on Saturday, October 10, 2020, from 10a-12n ET, on affiliates nationwide and on www.CarClinicNetwork.com/LiveVideo, www.YouTube.com/BobbyLikis and www.Facebook.com/BobbyLikis worldwide. You are cordially invited to tune in on your local radio station or from anywhere via the above links or, better yet, call in at 888-Car-Clinic.

Likis’s inaugural broadcast aired in 1991 on WCOA in his home city of Pensacola, FL; WNDB, Daytona, FL; WJNT, Jackson, MS; and WAPI, Birmingham, AL. “Bobby Likis Car Clinic” was soon picked up for national syndication and quickly expanded to a national footprint with radio affiliates stretching from New England to Washington state to SoCal to South Beach.

Reflects Terry Sabiston, Director of Motorsports at WNDB, “Bobby Likis has been a partner with the WNDB family for 29 years. He has the ability to translate into layman's terms today's complex automobiles; he draws you in and inspires you to learn more about how your car works.” He adds, “I enjoy sharing my perspective of racing at Daytona International Speedway on the air with Bobby and experience the passion he exhibits every week. Bobby Likis will be missed in Daytona Beach and across the nation.”

A pioneer in cutting-edge distribution channels, Likis “podcasted before podcasting was cool” and has streamed live videocasts on CarClinicNetwork.com and on his YouTube channel since 1996. Those live videocasts are also recorded and distributed through The Auto Channel’s associated television network.
Say Bob Gordon and Marc Rauch, Co-Founders/Co-Publishers of The Auto Channel, “Over the years there have been some great automotive gurus broadcasting national radio and TV shows. The best, the very best, is Bobby Likis. Combining a wonderful, warm personality, smooth delivery style, and encyclopedic knowledge, Bobby has graced the airwaves and helped untold thousands of consumers and motoring enthusiasts.” They expand, “For a quarter of a century, The Auto Channel has been lucky to count Bobby as a valued friend and business associate. We will miss the Bobby Likis Car Clinic weekly show terribly; Saturday mornings will never be the same again. Thanks Bobby for your terrific information, earnest insight, and reasoned counsel.”

Also in 1996 to more effectively support his stations and deliver enhanced content to his listeners, Likis designed and built an all-digital, state-of-the-art studio and located it within his then-owned automotive service and repair shop. Built on his extensive repertoire of hands-on experience, Likis has answered more than 100,000 car questions live, on-air and unprompted. Additionally, Likis created a daily :60 vignette, “Car Clinic Minute,” a gold nugget of automotive trivia, trends and tips, appealing to car owners, trivia lovers, new- and used-car buyers, teenagers and anyone who loves cars or has a dream of owning one.

“Automotive Info-Tainment” was originally coined by Likis to reflect the essence of “Bobby Likis Car Clinic” programming. Says Likis, “I love educating folks about how to care for, preserve and ‘fun-ify’ their second largest investment: their vehicles.”

Honored on the coveted “Talker’s 250” (spotlighting the radio industry’s top broadcast personalities) for an unprecedented five years in a row in his category, Likis has also been featured in dozens of automotive and broadcast technology publications.

Reflects Likis, “What a thrill ride this has been, and I’m looking forward to more here-we-go-again adventures in engaging and interacting with people who love cars, trucks and automotive technology.” In typical style - after a toe-dip into retirement - Likis plans to explore expansion of his on-line programming and podcasts which currently include Spreaker, iHeart Radio, Spotify, Google, Stitcher, Cast Box, Deezer, Podcast Addict and Podchaser. Stay tuned!

About Bobby Likis Car Clinic and the Car Clinic Network:

Bobby Likis Car Clinic is the largest car-talk program/network on commercial radio, multiple web audiocasts, live video streaming webcast, podcasts (including iTunes), iPhone, chat room, YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, American Forces Radio Network & television. Car Clinic can be heard and seen in high-definition video on Saturdays, 10a-12n ET, live at WatchBobbyLive.com, on Facebook.com/BobbyLikis and on YouTube.com/BobbyLikis. Host Bobby Likis is the only car-talk host on commercial multi-media platforms named for five consecutive years to the “Talkers 250,” the prestigious list of the top 250 talk-show hosts in America. Likis formerly owned and operated a 15,000 square-foot automotive service center, whose awards included "Best Reputation in Automotive Service," “Best Automotive Service Shop," “Best Oil Change" and the Better Business Bureau's Torch Award for Ethics.

Diane Somer
Bobby Likis Car Clinic
+1 850-572-1548

Wednesday, September 30, 2020

Automotive time machine(blast from the past)!

Listen to a recorded segment from a 2012 radio show about how a mechanic can be considered "organic"!


Tuesday, September 01, 2020

Inventions & Profiles for the Month of Aug 2020: Charles F. Kettering (the first electric ignition system for automobiles)




Charles Franklin Kettering (August 29, 1876 – November 25, 1958) sometimes known as Charles "Boss" Kettering was an American inventor, engineer, businessman, and the holder of 186 patents. He was a founder of Delco, and was head of research at General Motors from 1920 to 1947. Among his most widely used automotive developments were the electrical starting motor and leaded gasoline.In association with the DuPont Chemical Company, he was also responsible for the invention of Freon refrigerant for refrigeration and air conditioning systems. At DuPont he also was responsible for the development of Duco lacquers and enamels, the first practical colored paints for mass-produced automobiles. While working with the Dayton-Wright Company he developed the "Bug" aerial torpedo, considered the world's first aerial missile. He led the advancement of practical, lightweight two-stroke diesel engines, revolutionizing the locomotive and heavy equipment industries. In 1927, he founded the Kettering Foundation, a non-partisan research foundation. He was featured on the cover of Time magazine on January 9, 1933.

Kettering was hired directly out of school to head the research laboratory at National Cash Register (later known as NCR Corporation). Kettering invented an easy credit approval system, a precursor to today's credit cards, and the electric cash register in 1906, which made ringing up sales physically much easier for sales clerks. Kettering distinguished himself as a practical inventor. As he said, "I didn't hang around much with other inventors and the executive fellows. I lived with the sales gang. They had some real notion of what people wanted." [9] During his five years at NCR, from 1904 to 1909, Kettering secured 23 patents for NCR. He attributed his success to a good amount of luck but added, "I notice the harder I work, the luckier I get."

Beginning in 1907, his NCR colleague Edward A. Deeds convinced Kettering to develop improvements for the automobile. Deeds and Kettering invited other NCR engineers, including Harold E. Talbott, to join them nights and weekends in their tinkering at Deeds's barn. They became known as the "Barn Gang," and Kettering was called Boss Ket. Their first goal was to find a replacement for the magneto. In 1909, Kettering resigned from NCR to work full-time on automotive developments, and the group incorporated as Dayton Engineering Laboratories Company, or Delco.

The hand crank used to start early automobiles could kick back under some circumstances. After Byron Carter, founder of Cartercar, died after such an accident, Henry M. Leland – the head of Cadillac – became determined to develop an electric self-starting device. When Leland's engineers failed to develop a self-starter small enough to be practical he consulted Kettering, and Delco developed a practical model by February 1911.

Kettering's key insight lay in devising an electrical system performing the three functions is still serves in modern cars: starter; producer of spark for ignition; and source of current for lighting. Leland ordered 12,000 self-starters for his 1912 models; Delco had to then transition from its research and development activities to production. The invention won a Dewar Trophy in 1913.

In 1914, Flxible Sidecar Company was incorporated with the help of Kettering, who then became president of the company and joined the board of directors. Kettering provided significant funding for the company in its early years, particularly after 1916, when Kettering sold his firm, the Dayton Engineering Laboratories Company (Delco), to United Motors for $2.5 million. Kettering continued to serve as president of Flxible until he became chairman of the board in 1940, a position that he held until his death in 1958.

Delco was sold to General Motors in 1918, as part of United Motors Company. Delco became the foundation for the General Motors Research Corporation and Delco Electronics. Kettering became vice-president of General Motors Research Corporation in 1920 and held the position for 27 years.

Between 1918 and 1923, he led the research and development at GM's Dayton research laboratories to commercialize air-cooled engines for cars and trucks. They used fans forcing air across copper fins for heat dissipation. The commercialization, attempted between 1921 and 1923, was unsuccessful due to a combination of factors, nontechnical and technical. Air-cooled engines have had commercial success before and since, in various fields (small engines, aircraft, cars), but the historical moment of GM's "copper-cooled" automotive engine was inauspicious.

Kettering's research in fuel was based on his belief that oil would be in short supply and additives would allow more efficient engines with higher compression. His "high percentage" solution was to mix ethanol with gasoline, while his "low percentage solution" looked for additives that would be added in small quantities to increase what later would be called the octane rating of gasoline.Thomas Midgley Jr. and Kettering identified tetraethyllead (TEL) in December 1921 as an additive that would eliminate engine knocking at a dilution of one thousand to one. While use of ethanol could not be patented, TEL's use as an additive could. Kettering and Midgley secured its patent and proceeded to promote the use of TEL as an additive instead of other options. Kettering became the first president of the newly founded Ethyl Corporation that started to produce TEL in 1923. One year later, he hired Robert A. Kehoe as the medical expert to proclaim that leaded gasoline was safe for humans. That its use was an ecological disaster leading to a global lead contamination was not acknowledged until many decades later.

Max D. Liston, one of Kettering's co-workers at GM, described him "one of the gods of the automotive field, particularly from an inventive standpoint." Liston quoted Kettering as advising him, "People won't ever remember how many failures you've had, but they will remember how well it worked the last time you tried it."

Kettering and Deeds had a lifelong business, professional and personal relationship. In 1914, recognizing that Dayton was among the leading industrial cities in the US because of the skilled engineers and technicians in the city, they founded the Engineers Club of Dayton and the Foreman's Club of Dayton, which later on became the National Management Association. 

Kettering held 186 U.S. patents. He invented the all-electric starting, ignition, and lighting system for automobiles. Electric starters replaced crank (manual) starting of automobiles. First incorporated in the 1912 Cadillac, all-electric starting aided in the growth of the US auto industry by making the automobile easy for anyone to start. Other patents included a portable lighting system and an incubator for premature infants. His engine-driven generator was combined with storage batteries to form a "Delco Plant", providing an electrical power for farmsteads and other locations far from the electrical power grid.

In 1918 Kettering designed the "aerial torpedo", nicknamed the Kettering Bug. The 300 lb papier-mache missile had 12 foot cardboard wings, and a 40 hp engine. It could carry 300 lbs of high explosives at 50 mph, and cost $400. The "Bug" is considered the first aerial missile, and lessons learned from the "Bug" led to development of the first guided missiles, as well as radio-controlled drones.

Kettering and colleagues' development of leaded gasoline ultimately caused the release of large quantities of lead into the atmosphere as a result of the combustion of leaded gasoline all over the world. Due to the neurotoxic effects of lead, leaded gasoline has been widely banned since the late 1990s. The development of Freon using CFCs has been implicated in the depletion of the ozone layer. But during the first half of the twentieth century, most people, including Kettering and his colleagues, did not appreciate or fully understand the environmental degradation potential of their work.[citation needed] They were convinced that the lead concerns were negligible.[citation needed] They were not aware of the ozone layer depletion at the time. It took decades for the lessons to be learned.

He developed the idea of Duco paint and helped develop diesel engines and ways to harness solar energy. He was a pioneer in the application of magnetism to medical diagnostic techniques.

His inventions, especially the electric automobile starter, made him wealthy. In 1945, he helped found what became the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, based on the premise that American industrial research techniques could be applied to cancer research.[citation needed]. His son and daughter-in-law, Eugene and Virginia, created Kettering Medical Center in Ohio, as a tribute to Charles Kettering's life and his work in healthcare research.

On January 1, 1998, the former General Motors Institute changed its name to Kettering University to honor Kettering as a founder.

Saturday, August 01, 2020

Ken on Bobby Likis's Carclinic radio show 2020(Pay me now or pay me later Question)

https://1drv.ms/u/s!AkM2QKAxDtXpphoorPyVHdNbY3GX

Inventions & Profiles for the Month of July 2020- Invention of the windshield wiper(Mary Elizabeth Anderson)

Mary Elizabeth Anderson (February 19, 1866 – June 27, 1953)[1] was an American real estate developer, rancher, viticulturist and inventor of the windshield wiper blade. On November 10, 1903 Anderson was granted her first patent for an automatic car window cleaning device controlled from inside the car, called the windshield wiper.

Mary Anderson was born in Greene County, Alabama, at the start of Reconstruction in 1866. In 1889 she moved with her widowed mother and sister to the booming town of Birmingham, Alabama. She built the Fairmont Apartments on Highland Avenue soon after settling in. By 1893, Mary Anderson had moved west to Fresno, California until 1898 where she then operated a cattle ranch and vineyard.

In a visit to New York City in the winter of 1903, in a trolley car on a frosty day, Anderson observed that a trolley car driver struggled to see past the windows because of the falling sleet. When she returned to Alabama she hired a designer for a hand-operated device to keep a windshield clear and had a local company produce a working model. She applied for, and in 1903 was granted, a 17-year patent for a windshield wiper.Her device consisted of a lever inside the vehicle that controlled a rubber blade on the outside of the windshield. The lever could be operated to cause the spring-loaded arm to move back and forth across the windshield. A counterweight was used to ensure contact between the wiper and the window. Similar devices had been made earlier, but Anderson's was the first to be effective.

In 1905 Anderson tried to sell the rights to her invention through a noted Canadian firm, but they rejected her application saying "we do not consider it to be of such commercial value as would warrant our undertaking its sale." After the patent expired in 1920 and the automobile manufacturing business grew exponentially, windshield wipers using Anderson's basic design became standard equipment.[citation needed] In 1922, Cadillac became the first car manufacturer to adopt them as standard equipment.

Anderson resided in Birmingham, where she continued to manage the Fairmont Apartments until her death at the age of 87. At the time of her death she was the oldest member of South Highland Presbyterian Church. She died at her summer home in Monteagle, Tennessee. Her funeral was conducted by Dr. Frank A Mathes at South Highland and she was buried at Elmwood Cemetery.

Wednesday, July 01, 2020

Inventions & Profiles for the Month of July 2020: Edmond Berger(First spark Plug)




The first known spark plug was invented by Edmond Berger, so historians say. Unfortunately, Berger failed to patent his spark plug invention, so documented history points to Sir Oliver Lodge of England, whose sons parlayed the “Lodge Igniter” into a profitable company founded in 1903.

 The next year, Albert Champion, a world renowned bicycle and motorcycle racer who made extra cash by handcrafting spark plugs and selling them to friends, moved from France to Flint, Michigan and founded Champion Ignition Company. Investor drama left Champion jobless, but he soon found himself appointed president of the AC Spark Plug Company formed with backing from Buick Motor Co. AC spark  plugs were used in Charles Lindbergh’s and Amelia Earhart’s trans-Atlantic flights and fired the second and third stage rocket engines that took Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin and Mike Collins to the moon.

Evolution of the spark plug:

 As technology advances, the efficiency of the spark plug has increased, resulting in higher combustion efficiencies. The design evolution has reduced the quenching effect on the flame kernel. The quenching effect is the heat absorption by the spark plug ground electrode and center electrode, which hinders the flame kernel efficiency. The NGK spark plug has seen many changes to its design over the last 75 years, with most occurring in the last 30 years.

 NGK introduced the V-Power® spark plug in the 1970s and is named for their specially designed V-groove center electrode. This groove in the center electrode focuses the spark to occur between the outside edges of the center electrode and the ground electrode for improve ignitability and better flame expansion. This design relocated the flame kernel to the outside edge of the spark plug, which reduced the quenching effect. The V-Power spark plug was adopted by many OE manufacturers and is still very popular today.

 With the introduction of precious metals, first Platinum in the 1980s and Iridium in the 1990s, the spark plug center electrode has reduced in size. Both Platinum and Iridium are extremely dense materials with high melting points, making them ideal for center electrode construction. When used at the tip of the center electrode of the spark plug, Iridium is a denser metal alloy, six times denser than Platinum. This provides increased service life, improved ignitability and better throttle response. Where a traditional nickel-alloy spark plug had a center electrode diameter of 2.5mm, the newer precious metal spark plugs have a center electrode diameter of less than 1.0mm. This smaller diameter center electrode provides more area for flame kernel expansion, further reducing the quenching effect. In 2000, NGK introduced the IRIDIUM IX® spark plug, which has a taper-cut ground electrode. This taper-cut shape provides even more area for flame expansion, further reducing the quenching effect. Available in colder heat ranges, NGK Iridium IX® is perfect for modified and high-performance engines.

 Recently, as emissions and fuel economy requirements have been made tougher to meet by automotive manufacturers, increased use of turbo charging and gasoline direct injection has become common on modern engines. To further increase spark plug ignitibility, new tip designs such as Dual Fine Electrode (DFE) spark plugs have been introduced. DFE spark plugs feature opposed fine-wire electrodes from both the center electrode and ground electrode to maximize ignitibility under these extreme conditions while reducing quenching. NGK has collaborated with OEMs to make its precious metal spark plugs part of their original equipment. LASER IRIDIUM® spark plugs are actually custom built for each vehicle manufacturer for the needs of the individual engine platform.

Monday, June 01, 2020

Inventions & Profiles for the Month of June 2020- The Oil Filter

In 1923, Ernest Sweetland and George H. Greenhalgh patented the first automotive oil filtration system. They called their invention “Purolator”, short for the words “pure oil later”, and they began a story of quality and innovation that continues to this day. 

While the original Purolator filtered oil through twill-weave cloth, in 1946, Purolator introduced a pleated paper oil filter – a technology still being used today. 

 Purolator Filters (Purolator Filters LLC) is an American manufacturer of oil and air filters, based in Fayetteville, North Carolina, United States.

Some facts about oil filters:

1971 FRAM debuts its iconic slogan, “You can pay me now, or pay me later.” 

1932 FRAM is born when the original chemists, Frederick Franklin and T. Edward Aldham, invent an easily replaceable oil filtering element in their Providence, Rhode Island, laboratory. The name FRAM is coined from the first two letters of FRanklin and the last two letters of AldhAM.
Today:

There are two types of filters used today: spin-on and cartridge-style.
The spin-on filter is one of the most recognized engine parts, with a steel canister and paper element inside. Spin-on filters are nearly foolproof – especially for the DIYer – due to the simple installation process and minimal need for tools. However, there are a lot more materials and manufacturing steps involved in a spin-on. A spin-on filter consists of several parts, including the steel canister, drain-back valve, bypass valve and a gasket.
Spin-on filters are starting to fall out of favor with OEMs, in part because of environmental concerns. California uses more than 67 million oil filters alone! One way OEMs and filter manufacturers are combatting this growing issue is with cartridge-style oil filters that contain no metal and can be recycled or disposed of easier than spin-ons. But there’s no perfect solution, because cartridge-style filters present some unique challenges to the DIYer and professional technician.
While cartridge-style filters pre-date spin-ons, the trend today is for OEMs to use plastic housings that require special tools to remove them. Wear and tear should be factored into the standard oil change with this type of filter, because the housing is resealed each time the filter element is replaced. If the tech isn’t careful with the housing, damage can occur to the molded plastic. There also is a greater chance that the element can be installed incorrectly or with the wrong-size part. The gasket must be replaced each time, and the threads should be coated to ease the install.

Friday, May 01, 2020

Your Keys Please






Ever heard of the slang "punter"? My mothers side of the family was from Great Britain. We always had fun poking at British jargon. I’ll always remember my uncle, who was in the Venetian blind business, back in the early days when blinds were made from wood. Uncle Barney always referred to his problem customers as "punters". As generations pass down habits, I found myself using that term in reference to my problem automotive customers.



One "punter" was especially difficult to handle. Dealing with him was a delicate matter. Imagine this. A little Hyundai Elantra drives up and a unrefined horse of a man, weighing in at around 400 pounds and reaching a towering six feet six inches, climbs out. This was Big Al.



Big Al was the kind of driver that made you appreciate the extra strength that engineers put into designing cars. Even with the seat all the way back in the Hyundai Elantra, he could hardly fit behind the steering wheel. The seat belt barely went all the way around his huge stomach—with the extra add-on extension—just making it to the latch.



Big Al was as one of those Dr. Jeckell & Mr. Hyde characters. His pock-marked face was a vestige of an acne-filled teenhood and his enormous waist size was attributed to overeating and lack of exercise. Add a dose of genetics for the height factor and you've got the image of this huge man. Al had been a punter long enough for us to learn that he was a liar. We had shaky dealings with him in the past. He would ask us to fix one thing, then say that something else broke after the work was completed.



We quickly learned to document every problem in advance of touching anything. That way he couldn’t come storming in and threatening us because we broke something that he swore was working perfectly okay before we touched his car. In short, the guy was a scam artist. But even scan artists need car repairs. And his money was just as good as the next person—just so long as we handled him right.



“What do you know?” he would always say when he came up to the desk. It seems most really big and fat people, were outgoing like Big Al. He was easy to get to like, once you got past his intimidating sheer size and pock-marked face. But, on order for a confidence man to work, he has to win your confidence, right? Big Al’s easy-going, pleasant and jovial manner made him as believable as the day is long, and he could sell you the Eiffel Tower and you’d think he was sincere.



But, let me take a minute to tell you about my theory of problem customers.



My theory concerns what I call the “Vampire Punter.” This theory has a great deal of meaning to me in terms of how well my business works. And how the people who come in the door interact with me, and my staff. And, my theory can also be applied to people in our lives, too. It’s kind of universal, as you’ll see.



I’ve found there are two basic types of problem customers. Those that are punters who are a pain, and those who take advantage, the “Vampire Punters.” In reality, all punters are more or less one or the other. Our job is to be able to distinguish who is which. For our own betterment, we must prepare ourselves to deal with the Vampires, or they will feast on our energies, getting away with as much as they can for free. They have the ability to manipulate us into doing all sorts of things for them—or their cars, all the while paying nothing for the “extra freebies”.



Instead of blood, Vampire Punters suck our energies. They use us, take advantage of us, and keep us from doing other—profitable—work. They’re always replete with problems, and play on our sympathies to come bail them out. Their modus operandi is to use one of two ploys to maintain their disguise. They’re either aggressive or passive. The aggressive ones are easy to spot, just like Big Al.



They’re nice to start off with, then they find an excuse to blow up at you—making you feel guilty for something you’ve done—or not done. They’re always coming up with something we did wrong, and laying the blame on us. They try to make us feel guilty and in return, we do things for them—for free. They start out nice and mild as a lamb, and then turn into roaring tigers as they play the blame game. “You worked on it last, therefore you broke it” is their favorite ploy.



The passive ones are not so easy to spot. Their disguises make us totally blind to them. I say blind, but actually we are blinded. A Vampire Punter has the uncanny ability to con us, and prevent us from seeing how they use our energies. It’s like a spell that they put on us.



The passive vamps are easy going, nice, mild-mannered and friendly people. They easily win over our confidence. But it’s only part of their disguise. All the time, they’re looking for ways to take advantage of us. And because being so nice, they’re hard to spot.



Oh, and speaking of disguise! Vampires sometimes appear as model customers, friends, co-workers--and are even family members. The clever part of their disguise is that they’re friendly, and act as if you are near and dear to them. Or they put up a fuss when their don’t get their way. To keep fooling us into believing they’re allies, they’ll shell out just enough money. But in reality, they’re nothing but rip-off’s.



The exact opposite of the Vampire Punter is the model customer. These are customers that always seem to somehow assist us in getting their car problem repaired. Then, after the job is completed, they’re happy to pay their bill. They don’t gripe, bitch, and moan. They don’t ask for you to do extra’s at no charge—and don’t for that matter, expect freebies every time you turn around.



Free tow job. Free pick up and delivery of their broken car. Free advice over the phone so they can fix it themselves without paying us to do it. And worst of all, free repairs because they blame us for the problem—saying that it didn’t exist before we worked on it—and we caused it to happen… so we must repair it or they’ll sue!



Over the years I’ve hit on a tried-and-true ways to spot a Vampire Punter. I call it “personal introspection”. This can help you spot a Vampire that’s feeding on your businesses services and good will. To use personal introspection, you must pay attention to your gut, to how your stomach (guts) feels at the exact moment when the Vampire calls—or comes through the door. As soon as your gut recognizes the Vampire Punter, you’ll feel it knot up and grimace.



Then, a spell will overcome you, and your mind will be clouded by the con. You won’t know what’s happening to you, and will be unable to snap out of it. They now have your confidence. You are now too duped to keep them from sucking your shop services. The parasite has now latched on to its host and your gut is silent.



Big Al latched onto us just after we changed the oil in Big Al’s Elantra. That’s all we did. An oil change. Then the next day he’s calling on the phone, hopping mad that we broke his car. As soon as I heard Big Al’s booming voice on the other end of the phone, my stomach started doing flip-flops.



“Here it comes!” I said to myself as I heard Al’s booming voice from the other end of the phone. “Oh, no. What’s wrong now!?” I grimaced. He said that after he picked up his car, the engine began knocking. Sometimes it cuts off.



He’s really upset, saying his car is unsafe to drive…that we ruined his engine… that we ran it without oil… that we didn’t use the right kind of oil... that someone revved the engine too high… that we hot-rodded his car.



Now, we’re talking about a 1995 Hyundai Elantra, with a lot of miles on it. And on top of that, there’s the abuse it gets from lugging around this monster of a man! And he’s accusing us of abusing his car? Well, I’m hip enough to know how to diffuse a problem customer.



Don’t argue. Agree with everything. Don’t deny anything, and agree with what they say. Let them vent. And after they’re done, offer a solution.



After Big Al finished dumping on me, I offered to send my truck over and tow it back to the shop so I could look it over. I would look into the matter personally. And if we were responsible for ruining his motor, we would certainly make good on it. But, I wanted to run some tests and see if we could establish a cause first, I explained to him over the phone. All the while I’m suspicious that he’s trying to get more free work from us.



He agreed, and I dispatched one of the techs to go fetch his Elantra. Within an hour it was being unloaded at the shop door. I watched as Big Al climbed down from where he had been riding shotgun in the tow truck. The normal angelic look on his face was gone, and it’s place was the look of a madman. He was really scary. Four-hundred-plus pounds of ranting and raving madman. That’s what I had on my hands. Wowser!



“Okay, Al, what do ya know?” I said, using his favorite phrase to help calm him down. “My car, that’s what. You guys f---ed up my car.” “I’m awful sorry if we did, Al. I’ll get right on it and get to the bottom of it right away.” I said hoping to placate him even further. “Can I offer you a ride?”



The day was late and I was about at the end of my wits by this time of the day. Five-o’clock was less than an hour away and I didn’t want to get involved anymore than necessary. “Hell, what about my ride?” I mean, what am I supposed to do, walk?” he said with such fervor that suddenly I found myself with new unfound energy. “Sure, no problem, Al. I’ll get right on it.” I said as I removed the ignition key from Al’s massive key ring.



I remember thinking how everything about him was big—even his keyring! And how about those monster-sized Marlboro’s, or little cigars that he always was smoking. The whole inside stank of the cigars and cigarillos. Oh, how I hated sitting in a smoker’s car—especially Big Al’s! Ashes were everywhere. Ashtray was overflowing with butts. And, speaking of ashtrays, it was like the entire inside of the car was one giant ashtray!



I hate it when smokers borrow my car and smoke in it. Even if the windows are open, smokers still leave their smell behind. A while back, when Big Al got a free tire balance after we did CV joints—that’s another story for some other time—I wound up lending him my car because our loaner was already in use. He raised such a fuss that I handed him my own car keys just to get him out of the waiting room. And it stunk of smoke for weeks after.



But, unlike Al, his car wasn’t big. And being a Hyundai, there wasn’t any way I could connect a scanner and flight recorder to capture his intermittent stall problem. I’d have to check it out with my four senses—eyes, ears, nose and touch. What could be the matter? Well, as I drove it I immediately found out that it did ping. Big time. It pinged like it was going to beat the band.



Pulling back into the shop, I grabbed the lead tech, and said, “Shawn, what’s been done—or not done to this Hyundai? I’m going to pull the RO’s and have a look. While I do, give it a good once over, looking for a reason for stalling and pinging.” A few minutes later I had the past repair orders in my hand and was pouring over them for any clues. Nothing. At least, nothing we had done. But one thing was apparent. He hadn’t been in for and recent oil changes—other than the one we did yesterday.



That’s when the red flags went up. It was then that I realized he was trying to pull another fast one. Big Al purposely brought us the Hyundai so he could blame this new problem on us. He figured he’d snooker us into thinking we’d caused it. And we’d end up fixing it for free. No dice. Not this time. We’d already been there and done that enough times in the past. He wasn’t going to sucker us this time! Over my dead body—even if he was a vampire!!



By the time I got back out in the shop, Shawn had our diagnostic machine connected up to the Hyundai’s 1.6 liter engine. He had a puzzled look on his face. “S’up?” I inquired.



“Distributor. Someone’s been cranking on the distributor—got the timing way off.” He replied.



“How far?” was my query. “Maybe ten degrees advanced.” Shawn replied.



“Ten degrees! Well now, there’s a good reason for ping. Betcha someone was monkeying around with the timing and idle to try and cure the stalling problem. Betcha!” I announced.



Well, I decided that as long as it wasn’t going to cost us in parts, I would go ahead and have Shawn straighten out the timing and troubleshoot the idle. Big Al said the car just quit. Maybe he meant that it just stalled. I mean, people get confused between when their engine quits while they are going along, and when it quits when they are stopped. All they know is that the engine conked out. They don’t know to look around and see what’s happening when it quits. They are so upset by it happening, they forget.



So, to make a long story short, this was only the beginning of a wild goose chase. We reset the timing and base idle speed—which is a long and time consuming process—and figured we had it whipped. But, the very next day Big Al was back at the front desk, hammering his huge meaty fist on the counter and accusing us of causing his problem. Funny how his problem had evolved from “The engine knocks like it has been ruined and then quits” to “The engine won’t run anymore. It just stops.”



So, once again we went at it. Using what Ford calls the “wiggle-test,” every wire and connector under the dash and engine compartment was tugged, shaken, and cajoled. Just for good measure, every connector in sight was opened up and the terminals cleaned and tightened. The only thing we could find was a normal engine rpm change of about 150 rpm when the radiator cooling fan cycled on and off.



No such luck. It still had a mystery problem that would only happen for Big Al. So, just before turning the car over to him, I decided to take my health in my hands and go for a ride with him. I wanted to make sure that I really knew what caused it—if anything!



As we drove out of the shop parking lot, Big Al suggested that our shop must have some kind of electrical field around it—that we have wired the ground around the repair shop. “You guys have an electric grid under this place--that's why it never acts up while it's here. Those electric wires buried under the parking lot make all things electrical behave… kinda like a cattle prod... those wires send out an electrical field and affect the electrical system of my car.



Well, it performed perfectly. Not a hiccup, and not a burp. Nothing. “Maybe I should leave it with you for a day or two so you can drive it around town. Then you'll see what I mean,” he said. It didn't help. We took turns driving the car for two days and it never did stall. No end. And of course, Al came back again—even more angry than before.

So, once again we swapped cars with him and I took on driving his stinky Elantra. One thing that I did notice was the way the seat collapsed under this enormous weight. I had to sit on a chair cushion in order to drive the car. I could swear the car's springs were sagging as I drove it home.



The years of smoke had coated the inside of the windows with a layer of soot and driving it made me feel a little like I was driving in a fog. Still, it ran with aplomb and never even hiccuped once. “Maybe the car had a personality conflict with the driver” I thought.



When Big Al returned for his car, I told him my theory about the personality conflict. “Hmmmmm. Seems strange. Never heard of that one before. Maybe you're onto something. Why don't you ride along with me and check it out?”



“Sure,” I said. “Let's go. Here's your key.”



When I handed him the car key, Big Al reached into his enormous pants pocket and pulled out an equally enormous set of keys. He slipped the ignition key onto the keyring and swung his enormous body behind the steering wheel. The car sagged and I could hear the springs groan. I climbed into the passenger seat and Big Al immediately lit up a smoke.



“Mind if I roll down the window,” I gagged.  “No, go right ahead. I understand. Sorry. Miserable habit.”



He was in the process of twisting the ignition key when it hit me. The massive key ring was the cause of the stalling. The weight of all those keys tugged down on the ignition switch, causing it to go open-circuit. To test my theory, I told him to wait a moment before taking off. I reached over and began tugging and pulling on the key ring. Sure enough, when I pulled his heavy key ring toward the dash, the car stalled.



Oh, that reminds me. There’s a second way to tell if someone is a Punter Vampire. You just have to meditate on it. Uncle Barney used to say, “cogitate”. To me, it’s more like “reflecting in the mirror of time”. I like to use this technique after hours, when everyone’s gone and you’re alone doing your paperwork. Kinda’ like reflecting your day’s work.



To know if a person in question is a vampire, you use a mirror of sorts. Remember how one of the details in the vampire myth used a mirror to tell? Remember how you could tell if a vampire was standing next to you? You could look for their reflection in a mirror and it isn’t there. They’re invisible to a mirror.



In a similar fashion, a Punter Vampire can’t be seen in a mirror—only this is a different mirror—the mirror of time. Take a minute and reflect your experiences with the person in question using the mirror of time. Here’s how. Simply ask yourself, “Ever since this person started doing business here, what’s happened? What comes to mind?”



Take a reflective review of the relationship your shop has had with this customer. If all that shows up in your review is hardships, grief, hassles, annoyances, aggravation, bother, and frustration—look out! This person is a Vampire!



On the other hand, if your mirror-of-life reflects goodness, helpfulness, good deeds, paid bills, no long standing debts, and no list of special favors—your customer is an Ally.



Once you’re able to identify a Vampire as one of your customers, you have two choices. You can cast them aside—or deal with them. I know a shop owner who keeps a customer black list. If you show up at the door and you name’s on that list, you’re asked to vacate the premises—or the police will be called immediately! This owner believes in casting customers aside like that to keep them away. While it’s true that Vampires must learn to fend for themselves, I believe there’s a better way.



I believe that once we know what they are, we don’t have to be a host. I believe that if we refuse to go along with their influence, they’ll either disappear or change their ways. I believe in giving all people the benefit of doubt; giving them an incentive to pull their lives together. Giving them an incentive to do things for themselves.



That’s why I put up with customers like Big Al. And that’s why this episode with his broken car was such a nightmare. It was like the car had a dark cloud over it. Every time we came near it, something went wrong; most of the time Big Al intimidated us to the point that he got the repairs free.



You see, even though Al was a huge a vampire punter, we didn’t see it. We wanted to believe him—despite the fact he’d lied to us, manipulated us, and used our good graces so many times in the past. However, once I caught on that he was a vampire, I became dubious of his “story”.



The trouble with finding Big Al's problem was Big Al. Part of it was that we wanted to believe him, but his complaint never happened for us. Every time he dropped off his car, he’d take his ignition key off his key ring and hand it to us. We dutifully would tie a numbered keytag onto it and attach it to the repair order. Then, unknowingly, Big Al would slip the problem into his cavern of a pants pocket. Then he would walk away-with it in his pocket!



But, he didn’t walk away with a free fix. No, not this time. I charged him for two hours diagnostic time and the ignition switch. Well, he did get away with a free tow job, and a good four hours of unbillable time. But, it was worth it to get him off my back—and to see that big smile on his face. As luck would have it, he moved up north somewhere—and out of my life.



The lessons to be learned are:

> You can never put a wrench on a word problem.

> Find out the basis of the complaint before proceeding.

> Make the complaint happen, so you can witness it, before proceeding.

> Dig into the vehicle history for clues.

> Changes you make in attempting to repair a problem can compound the problem.

Monday, April 06, 2020

VALVE STEM MAYHEM





Joe was a very meticulous mechanic. His productivity level was on the low side but when he finished a job, it never came back. That was until he met the Dodge van with the V-8. It came in for a timing chain and waterpump. "Piece of cake" Joe thought to himself. Instead, the cake turned out to be a bitter pill he would never forget.



The job went smoothly; too smoothly. For good measure, Joe ran a compression test as soon as he had the new timing gears in place. It was the thorough thing to do. The readings weren't bad, but they weren't good either. He suspected the valves weren't in great shape and suggested the heads be pulled so the engine could get a valve job. The owner was perfectly happy to comply.



The rest of the job passed smoothly, at least until the owner came roaring back into the shop yelling "What have you done to my engine!" He was steaming mad and wanted an immediate explanation. Joe asked what the problem was and the owner threw his keys at him and said, "Just drive it. It's pretty obvious!"



A test drive revealed a total lack of power. Ironically, the engine didn't idle rough. But under power, it was a real dog. The first thing he did was take compression readings. They were all normal. Next he warmed up the gas analyzer.



The exhaust gas analysis readings were so high they went right off the scale. "It must be the carburetor. Nothing could make the exhaust readings that high except a carburetor problem. It's flooding," he thought.



Rebuilding the carburetor made no difference. Reasoning that it may have an internal flaw, he installed another carburetor. No difference. Maybe the timing isn't advancing or is wrong. Joe began to suspect the timing chain. Could he have installed it wrong? It wasn't a happy thought. The entire front of the van would have to be pulled apart in order to get to the chain. But, doggedly, Joe took it back apart again. The timing chain was on correctly.



He took the gears off and matched them up with the gears from a different manufacturer in hopes that the gears were mis-boxed and for a different application. No such luck. They matched perfectly. What about the distributor?



Despite the fact that he never touched it, he would try another one just to see.



Once again, no difference. It still ran very badly.



Joe was at his wits end. He went over every thing he had done again and again without so much as a clue to the new problem. He feared he might have gotten back the wrong cylinder heads from the machine shop, but the casting numbers were found to be correct. He checked for exhaust restrictions, emission control problems, secondary ignition problems. In short, Joe was fresh out of ideas.



The van sat, like a dejected child, over in a corner of the shop for a week. The owner was becoming more and more outraged each day. Rightfully so! Joe did not know what to do. In desperation, he decided to visit an old mechanic friend for some advice. As Joe explained the gory details to his friend, he looked into his eyes for some glimmer of hope.



When he got to the part about the valve job, his friends eyes widened and he exclaimed, "That happened to me too!" "Really?" said Joe. "Yep. and I know how to fix it." Joe's heart sang. "What! What! You gotta tell me," he exclaimed.



Instead of talking, the old mechanic slowly walked over to his tool box and reached into the back of one of the bottom drawers, pulling out a thin strip of brass sheetmetal.



"That's shim stock. What's that got to do with it?" The old man told him to cut the metal into thin strips and place one strip between the rocker arm shaft and the cylinder head. "What will that do?" Joe asked. "Just do it and call me back to tell me the problem is fixed." The trick did the trick. The engine ran with full power and the emission levels were now back to normal.



Joe could hardly wait to call. "What did I do? Why did it work?" His old friend explained that he had the same predicament once upon a time. The problem was caused by the machine shop not cutting the valve stems after doing the valve job. "It's a problem with what is called installed valve stem height. Your machine shop is sloppy."



Joe couldn't wait to rip the heads off and take them to a different machine shop to be checked. Sure enough, the valve stems were protruding much too far into the cylinder head. The valves were burned where they had been held open by the lifters. "But what about the normal compression tests? Why were the compression readings good if the valves were held open?" He asked the old man. "Because the oil pressure had not come up when the engine was cranking over. After it started, the oil pressure was enough to pump up the lifters and hold open the valves."








Sunday, March 01, 2020

Tow Woes











 They say that lightning doesn’t strike in the same place twice. But my experience having back-to-back episodes of towing failures put myself and others in life threatening situations.



The first nightmare came about in dealing with my son’s broken car, which he had recently bought without my knowledge. Because he lives a day’s drive away he didn’t have me around to help him choose a car and he wound up buying a real hulk that had a lot of hard miles on it.



By the time I saw it and went to check it out, the hood wouldn’t even open—a foreshadow that stirred a pang of fear. With some coercion I got the hood unlatched and saw under it a tired old run down motor. It was covered with oil and dirt, and looked as if it had been leaking oil for a long time. He informed me that when he tried to get the oil changed at the local oil quick-change place, they turned him away. I could see why. It was a real mess, it looked like oil was leaking out of everywhere.



A little spray lube fixed the hood latch. But not knowing how bad the oil was leaking was my immediate concern. Maybe it needed a little tender loving care. Some fresh high-quality Mobil-1 oil and a good filter might do some good, at least it would be a start. And sometimes the seal swelling agents in good motor oil will actually help swell tired old seals and the leaks will disappear—or at least diminish.



I planned on having my son keep track of how fast the engine drank the oil in order to learn more about the extent of the consumption problem. I needed this information in order to assess the extent of the leak and make a plan.



There was no service history and the ticker showed way over 150 thousand miles on it. But that’s still not unreasonable for an 8-year-old car. A quick check with the VIN number on the Internet showed no record of odometer tampering. At least that was good.



And then the nightmare reared its ugly head. What had started out to be a simple oil change turned into a lifter failure. Shortly after the fresh oil and filter had been changed the engine began to give out a new sound, a faint rhythmic tapping. The tapping grew in intensity until it had the full-blown noise of a collapsed lifter.



I reasoned that the detergent in the oil had caused some crud to cut loose, and the crud had found its way into one of the lifters tiny passages. The lifters have the smallest passages in the entire engine, and if a piece of crud is going to get lodged somewhere, a lifter is the most likely place.

I said a prayer that the high-detergent oil would clean out the passage and the noisy lifter would clear up and quiet down. I’ve seen it happen many times. You simply drive in low gear at 3,000 rpm for a few miles and the lifter clears out and pumps back up again. Been there, done that.



I hopped in and ran some errands around town. But no, it’s never easy—the rattlesnake kept on making its ominous sound! I was leaving the next day and would have to turn the car back over to my son with an engine noise that wasn’t there before I had worked on it. There was little else I could do.  I briefed him on the situation with the lifter noise, and told him to drive it. Hopefully the lifter would shut up.



If it didn’t I would deal with it the next time I returned. Dealing with the lifter would mean having to pull the cylinder head in order to fish out the lifters from the block. While the head was off, I would have a valve job done, which would be prudent on a high mileage engine.



But before I could return, the engine blew a head gasket! Now the nightmare was in full bloom. And because I had worked on it last a huge burden of guilt hung around my neck. Every seasoned tech knows how working on a family member’s car can easily turn into a nightmare! Now all I could do for my son was to start making arrangements for another engine.



The quandary of living in a distant city made the situation even more difficult to deal with. To start with, his car really wasn’t worth fixing. By the time I paid a local shop to install a used engine, I could buy another hulk just like it. The only way I could make it work out would be to find a good used engine and then take the car back home to do the engine swap.



After spending an afternoon on the phone, I discovered that he wasn’t the only one with a blown engine. It turned out that all the other cars in wrecking yards which had his engine were in similar shape. Engines were far and few between. But I finally found an engine, and began making preparations to get his car back to my home town.

A fellow shop owner had a trailer that was just the ticket for hauling a car over the mountains that lay between the busted car and home. The trailer was fitted with drive up ramps, tandem wheels, an electric winch, electric brakes, and a backup battery. The battery powered an emergency system that was supposed to apply the brakes to stop the trailer all by itself—in case the hitch were to break. Supposed to. But it didn’t!



Loading the car on the trailer went smooth with only one bugaboo. When I started to pull it up the ramp and onto the trailer the hitch popped loose from the hitch ball. The latch didn’t hold the tongue of the trailer on the ball. When the weight of the car pressed down on the back of the trailer the front popped loose from the hitch.



That was strange. I thought I didn’t get it to latch properly on the first try. So I reinstalled it, not comprehending that the ball latch mechanism wasn’t functioning properly. But I was unfamiliar with this kind of hitch—and after all it had held just fine on the first half of the trip.



Once loaded, the trailer towed just great. The tandem wheels took most of the weight off the hitch so the tongue weight was very light. The electric brakes were very powerful, and it didn’t tax my tow vehicle brakes very much coming down the mountains. And because I had to cross several mountains, I was really glad for those electric brakes.



Everything went well all the way back home. Then the bugaboo happened again when I was unloading the car from the trailer. There was a “bang” and suddenly the hitch popped loose from the ball—and the front end of the trailer was bobbing in the air above the trailer ball!



Had I somehow failed to secure the hitch to the ball? Was the hitch lock defective? No time to trouble shoot the hitch problem, I would tell my buddy about it when I got there. It was getting dark and I hurriedly hitched the empty trailer back up to my tow vehicle and took off. I had less than a dozen miles to go and needed to return the trailer before I got caught in rush hour traffic.



With the trailer empty it seemed like my tow vehicle suddenly had developed 100 more horsepower. It’s like a free feeling, not being bogged down with all that extra weight. In fact, the weight of the trailer was so minimal that it was easy to forget that it was back there. Merrily I flew along as I headed to my final destination to drop off the trailer. My thoughts were of dinner, and being home again.

I was only about a mile or so from my buddy’s shop when I went over some railroad tracks. I heard the trailer rattle as it bounced on the tracks, and checked it in the rear view mirror. Everything looked and felt good. Then all of a sudden, in an instance, it happened. The trailer came loose!



It felt like a tug. A sideways tug—a sudden pull to the right. I glanced in my rear view mirror and I could see the trailer listing over to the right. I immediately knew something was wrong. Somehow the trailer had come loose!



Looking in the mirror I saw it veer first to the right, then to the left. It was like a big fish fighting to get free. I watched in the mirror as it swerved back and forth and instinctively let off the gas and coasted. I was thinking it would coast to a stop behind me. I was wrong.



The sideways jerking of the trailer caused the right hand safety chain to pop free. As the trailer continued flailing back and forth it was only restrained by one safety chain. Then in a blink of an eye the second safety chain sprung loose and the trailer was a loose cannon!



In horror I watched in the rear view mirror as the trailer took off on its own. It somehow reminded me of a huge shark gliding along. Maybe it was the way it had a pointed nose and glided low against the ground. Like a giant fish that had freed itself from the fishing hook, it now zoomed along on its own.



Cars behind me were slamming on their brakes and diving in all directions to get out of its way. In horror I saw it take off to the left going across the centerline and into the oncoming traffic lanes. Fortunately, as the trailer zoomed along, the oncoming traffic was caught at a redlight and the road was empty.



I turned my head and watched it out the side window as it went onto the shoulder and plowed into the weeds and thicket where it finally came to a stop. It was a miracle that it didn’t hit anyone and there wasn’t a guard rail in its path. The thicket and underbrush brush brought it to a safe stop without causing any damage. I was blessed as a little angel must have been sitting on my shoulder.



So much for that fancy emergency break-away safety stopping system! The break-free pull-pin worked just like it was supposed to, but the backup battery was too old and weak to operate the electric brakes. Once free, the trailer was sailing unfettered all on its own. I shudder to think about what would have happened if the hitch popped loose when the car was still on the trailer!



I turned around and headed back to the trailer which was no where in sight. I spotted the back end of it sticking out of the thicket. I got out and walked over to it and found that it had come to rest against a sapling—which was bent over causing its final stop.



I was surprised that no one had stopped to offer any help. But I had some rope on board and figured I could pull the trailer back out of the underbrush and up onto the shoulder. This was going to be a risky maneuver because there were only a couple of feet of pavement. And the shoulder embankment had a pretty steep slope.



And worse yet the trailer was facing the wrong way—into the oncoming traffic and I wouldn’t be able to turn it around. I figured I’d wait for the light to change and make a break across the oncoming traffic lanes onto to the right side of the road. Not a good situation, but no other choice—just hope there’s no more problems!



By now darkness had fallen and I had to work by flashlight. The front of the trailer was on the ground making it impossible to get the trailer tongue pole jack in place. Since the trailer was facing slightly downhill, the weight of the trailer tongue was too heavy to pick up. So I grabbed the jack from the tow vehicle and managed to get it hitched to the tow vehicle once again.



I plugged the break-away pin back into its socket to make sure the trailer brakes wouldn’t somehow activate and plugged in the trailer taillights. When the traffic light turned red and the road was clear I made a break across the road and was on my way again. But I only got two blocks when the trailer came loose!



This time I was going slow enough to safely stop before anything else happened. The crossed safety chains had caught the tongue of the trailer as they were supposed to, and I brought it to a peaceful halt. But why had it come loose this time?



Fortunately this side of the road had a turn lane and the trailer tongue was up high enough for the trailer pole jack. Then I reached my fingers inside the hole for the ball hitch and discovered dirt packed inside! In my hurry to get it hitched up I had failed to check it out for debris which had gotten inside when it traversed the underbrush. The dirt kept the ball from hitching properly.



I grabbed a stick from the side of the road and cleared most of the packed dirt out of the hole. I finished the job with my fingers and a rag and once again hitched the trailer to my vehicle. The last few miles went without incident and I was glad the nightmare was finally over as I finally unhitched the trailer.



It was truly a miracle no one was hurt. I realized how blessed I was. But that was only the first episode of my trailer double failure woes.



My nightmare was not over yet. There was still one more monster waiting to rear its ugly head. It had to do with the fallout from the engine bought from a local salvage yard. The engine was worthless scrap metal, essentially a boat anchor.



After it had been dropped off and the delivery truck had driven away, we discovered the engine block was ruined because both of the lower bellhousing mounting bosses were destroyed.



It looked like the bosses had been broken off when the tech at the junkyard yanked out the engine. And those two bottom bellhousing mounting bolts are really easy to miss if you aren’t looking for them. They’re buried way down there where the sun don’t shine. And by the way, you need a special socket to fit them.



I called to complain and the guy at the yard said no, the engine was just fine when it was delivered, that we broke it. But there were three of us standing there when we lifted up the engine and we saw the broken mounting bosses. The ensuing telephone conversations were awful. Culpability and finger pointing continued over the several phone calls, but in the end the wrecking yard coughed up another engine and that nightmare finally ended.



Then, less than two months later I experience a second hitch failure and had another towing nightmare. It was just getting dark and I was pulling my small motorcycle trailer at 60 MPH going up Mitchell Hill, north of Pittsburgh. I had just started up the hill when it happened.

I heard a loud metallic ripping noise and felt the vehicle jerk. The jerk was reminiscent of the feeling when the trailer had come loose the previous month, and I my heart welled up with fear. Looking in the rear view mirror took away my breath. The trailer was moving away from my vehicle and the air was filled with sparks coming from the front of the trailer.



 I slowed my vehicle hoping that the safety chains would contain it. But it was fruitless. The trailer was skidding along on the front jack stand and no longer connected to the car. I continued to slow down in front of it, hoping to prevent it from slamming into anyone else on the road.



The cars behind the trailer were slamming on their brakes and veering out of its way as it continued to shower the night sky with sparks. Again blessings were with me as the gentle upswing of the hill brought the trailer to a fairly rapid stop in the middle of the road.

 Two men pulled over and got out with flashlights and began directing traffic around the trailer. It was a blessing that it broke loose as we just started climbing Mitchell Hill—a half-mile further and the errant trailer would have rolled backwards down the mountain and into harms way.

I turned on the 4-ways, got out, and surveyed the situation. The welds for the hitch assembly had torn loose from its mounting plate and the safety chains were still attached to the hitch. I backed up and connected the safety chains to the undercarriage so I could drag it out of the road and safely onto the shoulder. The only damage was to the trailer tongue jack post, and the broken hitch welds could easily be rewelded.



Once again, angels had surrounded me and kept a disaster from happening.



Lessons Learned

· Always test the trailer ball clasp. Jack up the tongue of the trailer and make sure it will not let go of the hitch ball.

· Always install the catch safety pin or lock. This will insure that you have latched the catch.

· Do not rely on the safety chain S-hooks to stay attached. Replace the S-hooks with a D-ring fastener with a screw-down type of clasp.

· If the trailer has a backup battery and break-away system, test the break-away switch and the battery power to see if it will operate the trailer brakes.

· If your trailer ever does come loose, immediately apply the brakes hard enough to keep the tongue of the trailer up against the back of your vehicle until you have safely stopped.

· If the ball hitch fails and the trailer is only holding on by the safety chains, steer straight ahead and do not try to steer off the road. Wait until you have stopped, then slowly drag the trailer to the shoulder.

· Be prepared to have a backup system to jack up the tongue of the trailer in the event the trailer pole jack fails. In most cases, the tow vehicle jack will suffice.

· Always have a flashlight and safety flares handy in case you need them in a panic situation.

· Always have wheel chocks within quick reach in the tow vehicle in case you need to quickly stop the towed vehicle from rolling.

· At every rest stop inspect the hitch, hitch ball and hitch welds for potential problems like bending or cracks.